Hallo zusammen,
ich bin eben fertig geworden, mit meinem Text über Australien. Ich brauche aber dringend jemanden, der ihn korrekturliest....Morgen ist Abgabeschluss. Wäre echt super. Vielen lieben Dank
Sven
The geography of Australia
Australia is the smallest continent with a surface of 7.686.848 square kilometres. Australia is 21 times greater than Germany and lies between 10° and 44° southern degrees of latitude and 113° and 154° degree of longitudes. In the south there is the Tasmanian Island, which is also some of Australia. Together they are member of the Commonwealth.
Australia divides in three zones:
• The East Australian highland
• The Medium Australian lowland
• The West Australian tableland
The East Australian highland:
The highlands applies more than 4.000 kilometres in the east of the continent of cape York (Queensland) in the north up to the bass strait which seperates the south corner of the conti-nent from Tasmania.
You can find there the „Snowy Mountains“, the one and only alpine region, which is also called „Australian Alps“. The highest mountain is the Mount Kosciusko with its high of 2.229 metres.
The great dividing drops in the east precipitously to the costal level and in the west it goes softly over in the Medium Australian lowlands.
The Medium Australian lowlands:
The lowlands are limited by the East Australian highlands and the West Australian tablelands. It is also called „Central Washbasin“. Formerly this area was flooded by the sea and later by big inland lakes. The deepest depression is found in the district of the „Lake Eyre“. He’s twelve metres under the sea level.
There are many salt lakes, which dried out. They keep on without water for decades.
After strong rainfalls it comes to floods of the rivers and salt lakes, this is the opportunity for pelicans or other water birds to build some breeding areas over there.
All rivers which are not water leading every time were called „creeks“.
The West Australian tableland:
The tableland has an average of 200 till 800 meters and takes about more than the half of the continent. The highest elevations are the Darling Range and the Hamersley Range in the west and the Mac Donnell Range and the Musgrave Range in the east.
Most famous mountains are Ayers Rock and the Mount Conner.
In north and south areas lies rivers, which are water leaded the whole year, or most time of the year. The remaining areas exist of deserts like Great Victoria desert or Great Sandy desert.
In Australia exist six federal states and two territories.
The federal states are New Southern Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and the island Tasmania.
The territories are Canberra and Northern Territory.
Canberra is capital and government seat of Australia.
Climate:
In Australia the seasons appear in reverse order:
Spring is in the time of September to November.
Summer is in the time of December to February.
Autumn is in the time of March to May.
Winter is in the time of June to August.
Different seasons like in Europe seem only in the south of Australia. In the north are tropical temperatures with only a few variations because of the near to the equator.
The temperature relations are influenced by the inside land area, where is a continental cli-mate.
In summer there are average temperatures of 30-35°C in the Outback. Hot spells with tem-perature from about 40-45°C in summer are normal.
Australia is the driest continent of the earth to Antarctic.
The falling rain is extremely unequally distributed.
In the tropical regions and in the temperate south is doesn’t rain a lot, in the central middle it’s raining never.
Australia is often afflicted by natural disasters. Heavy dry weather was at last in 1993-94. Big floods by strong rain in connection with cyclones are in the average of three to five years normal. Large fires are normal and occur every three years for example in New South Wales and in Victoria.
Climate zones:
Tropical zone:
The tropical zone is the zone nearest to the equator and applies up to the tropic of Capricorn.
Hot temperatures and rainfalls like a monsoon in summer and steadily warm temperatures in the winter are the most important signs.
One makes a distinction between the „wet season“ from November to April and the „dry sea-son“ from May to October.
In the rainy season there are strong rainfalls and it comes to wide floods, often in connection with cyclones. Streets often become impassable in this time.
Subtropics:
Only a small area along the coastal regions of Queensland and West-Australia is subtropics.
The temperature is more pleasant, although the tropical influence is still to be felt.
Continental climate:
In the middle of the continent rules the continental climate.
It’s extremely hot during the day in summer and the winters are warm with chill, sometimes frosty nights.
Rain is very rare, but when the rain falls, it’s briefly and violently. Then the river rises rapidly, runways become a further rinsed.
The water seeps as fast as it has come; only water holes will be back.
Temperate zone:
The temperate zone is in the south. There live most humans - probably because of the pleasant temperatures. Be called summer and mild winters. Usually a fresh wind from Antarctic re-gions against evening blows.
Flora and fauna of Australia:
Because of the isolated situation of Australia there have been preserved some peculiar proto-types of the fauna. You can see there many rare animals at many places.
The most famous ones are the “Roos”, the kangaroos. There live 45 kinds of roos.
Another marsupial which lives there is the koala. They live in the eucalyptus woods of the country and need only a few of water.
In Australia also live wombats and possums. These ones are marsupials, too.
The second heraldic animal of Australia after the kangaroo is the flightless emu.
In Australia live much more animals, like colourful birds, two kinds of crocodiles, dingos and much more.
Last but not least Australia has a wonderful and great underwater world. On diving-safaris at the Great Barrier Reef you get an impression of the unbelievable biodiversity in fishing and plants.
Penguins and seals live on the Victory coast at Phillip Island, in the south of Australia at Kan-garoo Island and at Bruni Island at Tasmania. These penguins are smaller than the arctic ones.
Australia has an own distinctive vegetation with about 20.000 different botanical species. More than 90 percent proved exclusively in Australia.
In tropical north of Australia is tropic rain forest with loanas and ferns. At the coastal region mangroves grow till the sea.
Almost everywhere in the temperate areas of the south and the coastal regions were big euca-lyptus woods found. More than 400 kinds of eucalyptus can you see there.
The grass tree seems like eucalyptus in completely Australia.
The tropical zone in the monsoon climate area is much wooded, mainly with deciduous trees.
Australia is just a continent in the area of the fauna and flora with many different facets.